Location, structure ,blood supply -A detailed overview of the anatomy of stomach

Stomach:

The stomach is the dilated portion of alimentary canal.Oesophagus connects the stomach with pharynx.

Location:

It is situated in the upper part of abdomen just below the oesophagus.

Structure:

It is roughly J shaped.It has two openings, two curvatures and two surfaces.

• Openings: Cardiac and Pyloric orifice
• Curvatures: Greater and Lesser curvature
• Surfaces: anterior and Posterior surfaces

The stomach is divided into:

Fundus, body, pyloric antrum and pylorus.

• Fundus is dome shaped and it is usually full of gas.
• Body extends from the cardiac orifice to a constant notch in the lower part of lesser curvature(cisura angularis)
• Pyloric antrum extends from cisura angularis to the pylorus
• Pylorus has pyloric canal which is the cavity of the pylorus and pyloric sphincter.

The lesser curvature forms the right border of stomach and is connected to liver and the greater curvature extends from the left of cardiac orifice  along the left border of stomach.

The cardiac sphincter is present between oesophagus and stomach,it prevents the back flow of  stomach content into stomach.
The pyloric orifice is forms by the pyloric canal. The circular muscles are much thicker here and forms the which prevents the back flow of intestinal contents to stomach.

Blood supply:

Arteries:

• Right and left gastric arteries
• Right and left gastropiploic arteries
• short gastric arteries derived from the splenic artery.

These arteries supply the lesser curvature, greater curvature and fundus respectively.

Veins:

• right and left gastric veins drains into portal vein.
• short gastric and left gastropiploic vein drains into splenic vein
• right gastropiploic vein drains into SMV(superior mesenteric vein).

Nerve supply:

• Sympathetic nerve supply is from the celiac plexus.
• Parasympathetic is from the vagus nerve(10th cranial nerve).